Airport lighting system is divided into three parts: approach lighting system, landing lighting system and taxiway lighting system.
Landing lighting system includes: runway entrance lights, runway side lights, runway midline lights, runway grounding zone lights, runway end lights, waiting lights in the middle position, runway warning lights.
The taxiway lighting system includes: taxiway midline lamp, taxiway side lamp, fast exit taxiway indicator lamp, runway turning flat lamp, stop row lamp.
Approaching lighting system includes: approaching midline lamp, approaching crossbar lamp, approaching sideline lamp and approaching slope lamp.
1.1 Runway Entrance Lamp
Runway entrance lights are installed at the longitudinal end of the runway or not more than 3 meters away from the end of the runway. The color of the lights is green, and the minimum average intensity of the main beam is 10 000 cd.
Runway entrance lights are perpendicular to the middle of the runway.
Runway entrance lights installed on general runways are not less than 6. All kinds of precise approach runways are equipped with a row of runway entrance lights with a distance of 3 meters.
1.2 Runway Side Line Lamp
Runway sidelights are used to indicate the boundaries on both sides of the runway. Installed along the full length of the runway on the straight line of the edges of both sides of the runway parallel to the middle line of the runway, or no more than 3 meters away from the edge of the runway, the color of the light can be changed white, and the light at the end of the runway 600 meters or one third of the length of the runway (with a small value of both) can show yellow.
The minimum average light intensity required by the white side lamp is 10 000 cd, and the minimum average light intensity required by the yellow side lamp is 4 000 cd.
For the side lamp with a runway width of 45 meters, the inclination angle of the side lamp with a runway width of 60 meters is 3.5 degrees, and the inclination angle of the side lamp with a runway width of 60 meters is 4.5 degrees.
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Runway midline lamp
Runway midline lights are generally arranged evenly at single longitudinal intervals, marking the runway midline from the entrance to the end of the runway.
Runway midline lights must be set at a longitudinal distance of approximately 15 m from the entrance to the end of the runway. Only when the 95% availability level of the runway midline lamps as maintenance objectives can be implemented and the runway is intended to run at a runway sight range equal to or greater than 350 m, can the longitudinal spacing of the lamps be approximately 30 m.
For the runway midline lamp with a longitudinal distance of 30 m, the minimum average intensity of white lamp is 5000 cd; for the runway midline lamp with a distance of 15 m, the minimum intensity of white lamp is 2500 CD for category I and II, and 5000 CD for category III. Red light times 0.15.
From the runway entrance to 900 meters away from the end of the runway, it is a variable white fixed lamp; from 900 meters away from the end of the runway to 300 meters away from the end of the runway, it is red and variable white; from 300 meters away from the end of the runway to the end of the runway, it is red.
Generally speaking, the runway midline lamp must be installed when approaching the runway precisely.
